Editing IBM 3275/3277 Display Station Keyboard

{{infobox dkeyboard
| image name   = IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - keyboard top.JPG
| manufacturer = [[IBM]]
| switch       = [[Micro Switch SW Series]]<br>IBM [[beam spring]]
| weight       = 3674 g
| years        = 1971<ref name=IBMDPD4/>–1979
| keycaps      = [[Spherical_keycap|Spherical]] [[double-shot]]
}}

The '''IBM 3275 and 3277 Display Station Keyboards''' were a family of terminal keyboards that spanned two types of key-switches (Micro Switch SW and IBM beam spring), two keycap finishes (smooth for World Trade usage or textured otherwise), two physical layouts (66-key and 78-key), and three functional layouts (1052-7 style operator console, [data] typewriter (DA) and data entry (DE)) along with various minor optional features.

==Overview==

The IBM 3275 and 3277 Display Stations were the original terminals for the IBM 3270 Information Display System unveiled on May 6, 1971 by the IBM Data Processing Division<ref name=IBMDPD4/>. They were the beginning of the large IBM 3270 family of coaxial connecting terminals that remained relevant in the decades since their introduction. Upon introduction, the IBM 3270 family consisted of the following components:

* IBM 3271 Control Unit; Models 1,2, 11 and 12
* IBM 3272 Control Unit; Models 1,2
* '''IBM 3275 Display Station; Models 1,2, 11 and 12'''
* '''IBM 3277 Display Station; Models 1,2'''
* IBM 3284 Printer; Models 1, 2 and 3
* IBM 3286 Printer; Models 1 and 2
* IBM 3288 Line Printer; Model 2

The 3275 and 3277 differed by how they connected to a host computer such as an IBM System/360 or System/370 CPU - 3275 would attach to a CPU via an IBM 2701 Data Adapter Unit, IBM 2703 Transmission Control or an Integrated Communications Adapter, whereas 3277 would attach to an aforementioned 3271 or 3272 (which then subsequently attached to a CPU)<ref name=IBMGA27-2739-1/>. Despite this, their keyboards are interchangeable and generally share part numbers, thus lacking a per-system distinction.

==Layouts==

IBM 327X keyboards were available in three functional layouts across two physical layouts:

* 66-key Data Entry Keyboard
* 66-key Typewriter Keyboard
* 78-key Typewriter Keyboard
* 78-key Operator Console Keyboard

===Data Entry===

The Data Entry keyboard was only available as a 66-key keyboard and was designed to resemble the layout of an IBM Card Punch keyboard with EBCDIC encoding. It had three PAx (program access) keys and five PFx (program function) keys. Data Entry keyboards are optimised for applications such as Source File Updating and Online Key Entry. Data Entry keyboards can be easily recognised by the "Field Mark" and "DUP" keys in their top rows and the various black-coloured keys surrounding the letter keys.
<gallery widths=313px heights=97px>
File:Shark kle 327X-66 de USE.png | US English 66-key data entry layout (adapted from IBM GA27-2739-3 doc)
</gallery>

===Typewriter===

The Typewriter keyboard was available in either 66-key or 78-key form and either ASCII or EBCDIC style key legends. The 66-key version had two PAx keys but no PFx keys, however, the 78-key version had twelve PAxx keys. IBM referred to these as "Typewriter Keyboard" and "Typewriter Keyboard w/ 12 Program Function Keys" respectively.

<gallery widths=371px heights=97px>
File:Shark kle 327X-78 da USE.png | US English 78-key EBCBIC typewriter layout (adapted from IBM GA27-2739-3 doc)
</gallery>

===Operator Console===

The Operator Console keyboard was only available as a 78-key keyboard and was designed to resemble the layout of an IBM 1052 Model 7 (1052-7) Printer-Keyboard. It had a single PAx (PA1) key and twelve PFxx keys.

<gallery widths=371px heights=97px>
File:Shark kle 327X-78 oc USE.png | US English 78-key 1052-7 layout (adapted from IBM GA27-2739-3 doc)
</gallery>

==Versions==

There are two technical variants of the IBM 3275/3277 keyboard assembly; the original first-generation dual magnet [[Micro Switch SW Series]] switches assembly and the later IBM capacitive [[beam spring]] switches assembly. IBM referred to these as "Type A" and "Type B" keyboards respectively (once Type B was available) regardless of other considerations such as physical or functional layout.

===Type A===

Type A keyboards were the original design that first shipped upon the 3275's and 3277's introduction in 1971. These keyboards were assembled by IBM, with keyboard assembly parts provided by Honeywell International. They used first-generation Micro Switch SW hall effect switches.

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - Micro Switch keyboard assembly without cover.JPG   | Type A keyboard assembly (66-key)
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - PCB back.JPG                                       | Type A PCB (66-key)
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - keyboard assembly markings.JPG                     | Type A PCB marking
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - plate that key switch connects to.JPG              | Type A's Micro Switch SW hall sensor
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - key switch taken apart.JPG                         | Type A's Micro Switch SW key-switch parts
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - key caps.JPG                                       | Type A's Micro Switch SW keycaps
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - keyboard assembly identifier.JPG                   | Type A's Micro Switch production sticker
</gallery>

===Type B===

Type B keyboards were the revised keyboards that for a time were shipped alongside Type A. These keyboards have assemblies made by IBM themselves, sporting their own capacitive beam spring switches.

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
IBM 3277 66key Spanish switch view.jpg | Type B keyboard assembly (66-key)
File:3277 3.jpg | Type B pad card PCB (78-key)
</gallery>

==Gallery==

===Type A 66-key Typewriter===

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - keyboard profile.JPG                               | US English typewriter keyboard (P/N 2621364)
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - keyboard bottom.JPG                                | US English typewriter keyboard bottom
File:IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard - clicker circuit board.JPG                          | US English typewriter keyboard clicker (solenoid) circuit
</gallery>

===Type B 66-key Data Entry===

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
IBM 3277 66key Spanish.jpg                            | Spanish data entry keyboard
IBM 3277 66key Spanish date code.jpg                  | Spanish data entry keyboard date label
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring profile left.jpg          | Spanish data entry keyboard left side 
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring profile right.jpg         | Spanish data entry keyboard right side
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring bottom.jpg                | Spanish data entry keyboard bottom
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring male plug.jpg             | Spanish data entry keyboard plug
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring internal case marking.jpg | Spanish data entry keyboard inner case markings
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring controller underside.jpg  | Spanish data entry keyboard controller underside
IBM 3277 66-key Beam Spring clicker.jpg               | Spanish data entry keyboard clicker (solenoid)
</gallery>

===Type B 66-key Typewriter===

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
IBM 3277 Beam Spring- keyboard profile.jpg            | US English EBCBIC typewriter keyboard
IBM 3277 Beam Spring- internals.jpg                   | US English EBCBIC typewriter keyboard assembly
</gallery>

===Type B 78-key Typewriter===

<gallery widths=250px heights=167px>
File:3277 1.jpg    | US English EBCBIC typewriter keyboard
File:3277 2.jpg    | US English EBCBIC typewriter keyboard backplate
</gallery>

==References==
<references>
<ref name=IBMDPD4>IBM — [https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/dpd50/dpd50_chronology4.html DPD chronology (Page 4)]</ref>
<ref name=IBMGA27-2739-1>IBM — [https://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/3270/GA27-2739-1_An_Introduction_to_the_IBM_3270_Information_Display_System_May71.pdf GA27-2739-1: An Introduction to the IBM 3270 Information System]</ref>
</references>

==External links==
* Bitsavers — [http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/3270/fe/SY27-2314-0_3277_Troubleshooting_Guide_May72.pdf IBM 3277 Display Station Models 1 and 2 Troubleshooting Guide PDF]
* Columbia University Computing History — [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/3270.html The IBM 3270]
* Deskthority — [https://deskthority.net/photos-f62/ibm-3277-keyboard-with-micro-switch-key-switches-t14150.html IBM 3277 keyboard with Micro Switch key switches]
* Deskthority — [http://deskthority.net/keyboards-f2/micro-switch-sw-10591-t9434.html Review of Micro Switch SW-10591]
* The terminals wiki — [http://terminals-wiki.org/wiki/index.php/IBM_3277_Model_1 IBM 3277 Model 1 Pictures]

[[Category:List of all keyboards]]
[[Category:IBM keyboards]]
[[Category:Micro Switch OEM keyboards]]
[[Category:Keyboards with Micro Switch SW switches]]
[[Category:Keyboards with Beam Spring switches]]
[[Category:Vintage keyboards]]