Editing IBM Beam Spring Keyboards (section)

=Integrated Beam Spring Keyboards=

==1130==
Contrary to popular belief, the 1130 was created and sold years before the beam spring patent was filed, and does not have beam spring switches, however the keycaps should be interchangeable. 

==2260==
Contrary to popular belief, the 2260 was created and sold years before the beam spring patent was filed, and does not have beam spring switches, however the keycaps should be interchangeable. 

==3036==

<gallery widths="250" heights="180" caption="IBM 3036 Processor Complex Dual Console">
File:3030 series processor complex.jpg|IBM 3036 Processor Complex Console. A UNIVAC mainframe and multiple terminals can be seen in the background.
File:3030 series process or complex reverse.jpg|Reverse image of the same 3036 Processor Complex Console
File:3032processorcomplex.jpg|IBM 3036 Processor Complex Console from another angle
</gallery>The IBM 3036 Processor Complex Console was an interface hub that was used to input and access data on the 3031, 3032 and 3033 processor models of the 3030 Processor Complex. The 3036 console, as well as the rest of the Processor Complex line, used the System/370 architecture and were sold as high end mainframes intended to be replacements for older System/370 models. The 3036 console was launched on March 25, 1977 as a standard option for the 3033 processor. Nicknamed "The Big One", the 3033 processor was the most powerful computer that IBM had to offer at the time. On Oct. 7, 1977, the identical looking 3031 and 3032 models were launched as cheaper, but slower, alternatives to the 3033, both also coming with 3036 consoles as a standard option. The 3036 console itself had two display stations that could work in parallel to allow for multiple program jobs to be executed at once, taking advantage of the instruction pipelining offered by the 303X processors. The two display stations featured a 66 key keyboard that is reminiscent of the 3277 66 key keyboard, however, the keyboards for the 3036 were painted black and have an extremely long base, as is shown above. It also appears that they may have had specialized legends, but no documentation of the legends or pictures close enough to read them are currently available. There are also currently no documentated remaining examples of the 3036. As such, it's unknown whether the keyboards or display stations were detachable or adjustable in any capacity, however, they appear to be fixed to the workstation table. 

==3604==

<gallery widths="250" heights="180" caption="IBM 3604 Keyboard Display">
File:3604-74key.jpg|Diagram from an IBM guide showing the layout of the 74-key alphanumeric layout
File:3604 keyboard.jpg|3604 94 key extended alphanumeric keyboard
File:3604 numeric keypad 2.PNG|3604 with 30 key numeric keypad keyboard
</gallery>

Launched in 1973, the IBM 3604 Keyboard Display keyboards were part of the IBM 3600 Financial Communication System, a set of terminals and printers for bank tellers, and the networking equipment required to interface them with an IBM mainframe. The 3604 keyboard displays were the 3600's terminals, there were six models of which Models 1 - 4 featured beam spring keyboards (Models 5 and 6 used smaller keys which, at least in later production examples, used rubber dome switches). Model 1 was a compact unit which could be equipped with one of three keyboard options:

*A 30-key Numeric Keypad, which featured a 15-key numeric keypad, and another 15-key block whose functionality was determined by the system software.
*A Data Entry layout, which was based on the Numeric Keypad.
*A 45-key Extended Numeric Keypad, which added another 15-key programmable function block to the keyboard.

Models 2 - 4 were larger units which differed by screen size. There were two more keyboard options available in addition to the ones available for the Model 1:

*A 74-key Alphanumeric layout, which featured an alphanumeric keypad with the same physical alphanumeric keypad layout as that on the 3277 78-key terminals. To the right of that was a numeric keypad and a number of programmable function keys. It is perhaps interesting to note that if one takes this layout, removes the Reset and Enter keys, replaces the Return and Back Tab keys with an ISO-style return, replaces the Tab and Lock key with a single L-shaped key the result is quite similar to the physical key arrangement of the later IBM 5100.
*A 94-key Extended Alphanumeric layout, which added an additional 20 programmable function keys to the standard Alphanumeric layout.

The 3604 was replaced by the IBM 4704 which was launched in 1981. The 4704's Model F keyboard options have layouts inspired by the 3604.

==3643==

<gallery widths="250" heights="180" caption="IBM 3643 Keyboard Display">
File:3643 glamor shot.jpg|3643 with accompanying mag strip card reader
File:3643 frontal.jpg|Head on view of the same terminal
File:3643 keyboard.jpg|Close up of the 94 key keyboard
</gallery>

The IBM 3643 Keyboard Display is an industrial variant of the 3604, and was sold as part of the IBM 3630 and 3640 Plant Communication Systems. No available documentation remains for the Plant Communication System, however a brief description of the system's features is listed in documentation for the 8100 Information System<ref>http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/8100/GA27-2875-0_An_Introduction_to_the_IBM_8100_Information_System_Oct1978.pdf</ref>, which describes the terminal as an interactive input/output device that brings display capability to a wide range of industrialized work zones or offices. Common applications included: activity reporting, receiving and inspection and stores or warehouse control. There were three terminal models, but the only distinction between each model was the maximum number of characters that could be displayed on the screen. Each terminal model could be equipped with either a keyboard that had 74 keys (77 keys for Katakana) or 94 keys (92 key for Katakana). The 74/77 key model had 8 programmable function keys as opposed to the 28 on the 94/92 key version shown above. 

==3741==

<gallery widths="250" heights="187">
3741keyb.jpg | Close up of an IBM 3741 keyboard
</gallery>

The IBM 3741 Data Station keyboard, and the related IBM 3742 (which was effectively two 3741s integrated into the one desk back-to-back) were released by IBM in 1973. They were designed as a more modern (by the standards of the time) alternative to a keypunch by storing data on 8" floppy disks instead of punching holes onto card. The keyboard was somewhat similar in layout to that of the IBM 029 keypunch.

==3767==
<gallery widths="250" heights="200">
File:IBM-3767.jpg|IBM 3767 Communications Terminal
</gallery>

The IBM 3767 Communications Terminal keyboard is a printer type terminal from IBM which featured an integrated Beam Spring keyboard.

==4979==

<gallery widths="250" heights="220">
File:Large SMG00080825.jpg|4979 terminal
File:4979terminal.PNG|4979 Terminal displayed at the IBM/Celestica 2018 alumni reunion
File:4979layout.jpg|Layout diagram of the 4979's keyboard, taken from an IBM manual
</gallery>

The IBM 4979 Display Station is a data entry/operator terminal that was launched in 1976 for the IBM Series/1 minicomputer. The terminal is visually reminiscent of IBM's earlier 2260 model terminal and features a 66-key data entry keyboard that has the same layout as the 3277 data entry keyboard, but with unique keys for the Series/1. Only certain keys such as the arrow keys, space bar and return keys were capable of continuously sending scan codes when held down. All letters, numbers and special characters required repeated tapping of the keys to generate more scan codes. The terminal used a 64 character subset of the EBCDIC character set and had a fairly simple and limited usage: several keys on the keyboard went completely unused, shown as being blank in the pictures above. The limited input and lack of programmable function keys on a system that was marketed on the premise of being entirely configurable, prompted customers to request a more adaptable option that could be better tailored to their use-cases. IBM responded by adding the 4978 terminal to the Series/1 lineup in 1978 as a RPQ<ref>http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/series1/GA34-0035-5_Series_1_System_Summary_Sep79.pdf</ref>. A noteworthy feature on the 4979 is that the knob on the lower right hand side of the screen contained the on/off switch, the brightness adjustment and the contrast. Pulling or pushing the knob would turn the terminal on and off, twisting the inner stem would adjust the brightness and the outer stem would adjust the contrast<ref>http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/series1/GA34-0026-1_4979_Display_Station_Description_Mar77.pdf</ref>.

==5100==
{{Main|IBM 5100}}

<gallery widths="250" heights="187">
File:5100.jpg|IBM 5100 with standard keyboard
File:5100apl.jpg|IBM 5100 with APL keyboard
</gallery>

The IBM 5100 Portable Computer was one of the world's first portable computers. Introduced IBM in 1975, the 5100 was designed to run either BASIC, or BASIC and APL with the ability to toggle between either. The 75-key keyboard was available either with a standard layout, or an APL layout and featured the IBM beam spring modules.

==5110==

<gallery widths="250" heights="187">
File:5110.jpg    | IBM 5110 with standard keyboard.
File:5110apl.jpg | IBM 5110 with APL keyboard.
</gallery>

The IBM 5110 (launched 1978) was an updated version of the 5100 that supported additional peripherals. The keyboard and their layout were the same as those on the 5100 and on the  5120 but differed by the color of their keycaps.

==5120==
{{Main|IBM 5120}}

<gallery widths="250" heights="187">
File:IBM 5120 computer 2.jpg     | IBM 5120 with standard keyboard.
File:ibm marcin wichary 5120.jpg | IBM 5120 with APL keyboard.
</gallery>

The IBM 5120 (launched 1980) was effectively the 5110 in a different form factor, with a larger screen and the tape drive replaced by a pair of 8" floppy drives. The keyboard and its layout was the same as those on the 5110.

==SCAMP==

<gallery widths="250" heights="187" caption="IBM SCAMP Prototype">
File:Ibmscamp2.png|IBM SCAMP prototype
File:Scampfolded2.png|SCAMP prototype with the screen compacted but the lid still open.
File:Ibm scamp.jpg|SCAMP on display in the Smithsonian
</gallery>IBM's SCAMP (Special Computer, APL Machine Portable), is a prototype computer developed in 1973. If not the world's first portable desktop computer, it is the world's first portable APL computer. Created in the span of 6 months, the design concept went on to become the commercially available 5100 and 5110 computers, and the SCAMP's short development cycle and design philosophy of using off the shelf parts would become defining features of the development of the IBM PC 5150. The computer could fold its screen down to become a compact briefcase sized package, which is an idea, used slightly differently, to great success by Osborn and Compaq almost a decade later. Because there is only one SCAMP computer and it's located at the Smithsonian, it's not fully confirmed whether it has beam spring switches. However, there are a few factors that strongly suggest that the computer does in fact use them in its keyboard. The Smithsonian confirms that the computer used existing components in order to expedite the creation of the prototype, and also confirms that one of those standard components was the keyboard which came from the IBM's Raleigh, North Carolina location<ref>https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_334628</ref> (the same location where beam springs and buckling springs were invented). It can be seen that the keyboard layout is the same as a 3277 66 key keyboard. IBM did have a Microswitch version of this keyboard, but a Microswitch keyboard can be ruled out, because IBM's Microswitch keyboards did not use stepped keys for the 1 and back tab, and had larger reset and enter keys than are on the beam spring version<ref>[[IBM 3277 typewriter keyboard]]</ref>. The keys on the SCAMP are the exact size and shape that would be expected on the beam spring version of the 3277. Furthermore, by 1973 IBM had already all but finished transitioning away from Microswitch keyboards to beam spring ones, and in the third picture shown above where SCAMP is on display, it can be seen that some of the keys are bent left or right at odd angles but not bent at all up or down, which is a hallmark of the metal stem used in the beam spring switch mount. 

==System/3==

<gallery widths="250" heights="187">
File:IBM 5120 computer 2.jpg     | IBM 5120 with standard keyboard.
File:ibm marcin wichary 5120.jpg | IBM 5120 with APL keyboard.
</gallery>

==System/6==

The IBM Office  was a word processor launched by IBM in 1977. Its keyboard has been described by some sources as being similar to that used by the later 5520 and DisplayWriter systems.

==System/32==

The System/32 was a midrange system, launched by IBM in 1975. It featured a console keyboard integrated into the computer unit, whose physical key layout could be described as a half way point between the layout of Selectric-based terminals such as the IBM 2741 and the keyboard of the IBM 5251 terminal which was designed for the later System/34.

==System/38==
The IBM System/38 Console was a midrange computer launched by IBM in 1979. In addition to the IBM 5250-series terminals that it was designed to operate with, it featured a console built into the computer unit whose keyboard had the same physical key arrangement as the 75-key 3278 keyboard.