Editing Nav cluster

A '''nav cluster''' or '''sixkey''' is a cluster of keys for navigation and editing. 
It is located close to the [[Backspace key|Backspace]] and [[cursor keys|cursor]] keys on a standard keyboard.

{| class="key-layout"
|Insert||Home||Page<br />Up
|-
|Delete||End||Page<br />Down
|}

This layout was popularised by the [[IBM Enhanced Keyboard]], but similar nav clusters have existed on earlier keyboards.
[[:Category:Macintosh keyboards|Macintosh keyboards]] have a [[Help key]] or [[Fn key]] instead of an Insert key. 
{| class="wikitable"
!Key name!!Short name!!Macintosh (US)!!ISO/IEC symbol!!USB!!X11!!ANSI
|-
|Insert||Ins|| ||<div style="font-size:150%">⎀</div>||7:0x49||0xff63 (Insert)||CSI 2 ~
|-
|Delete||Del||<div style="font-size:150%">⌦</div>||<div style="font-size:150%">⌦</div>||7:0x4c||0xffff (Delete)||CSI 3 ~
|-
|Home||Home||<div style="font-size:150%">↖</div>||<div style="font-size:150%">⇱</div>||7:0x4a||0xff50 (Home)||CSI H
|-
|End||End||<div style="font-size:150%">↘</div>||<div style="font-size:150%">⇲</div>||7:0x4d||0xff57 (End)||CSI F
|-
|Page Up||Pg Up||<div style="font-size:150%">⇞</div>||<div style="font-size:150%">⎗</div>||7:0x4b||0xff55 (Prior)||CSI 5 ~
|-
|Page Down||Pg Dn||<div style="font-size:150%">⇟</div>||<div style="font-size:150%">⎘</div>||7:0x4e||0xff56 (Next)||CSI 6 ~
|-
|Help||Help||''help''||<div style="font-size:150%">📖</div>||7:0x75||0xff6a (Help)||
|-
|Undo||Undo|| ||<div style="font-size:150%">⎌</div>||7:0x7a||0xff65 (Undo)||
|-
|}
There are also many regional symbol variations.

==Usage==
===Delete key===
The Delete key is used to delete the character to the right of the cursor. The cursor is stationary.
{{main|Delete key}}

===Insert key===
In older programs, the Insert key is modal, swapping between ''overwrite mode'' and ''insert mode''. In modern programs, insert mode is often the default or the only mode.
Even though the key is used as a modal key, no modern keyboard protocol has support for a lock light. Mode is instead often indicated by the shape of the text cursor.

In some older programs such as in the MS DOS prompt in [[Microsoft Windows]], Control+Insert is used to Copy and Shift+Insert is used to Paste. This is still commonly available on Linux and is still supported by some MacOS applications.

===Home and End===
When browsing a document, Home and End moves to the top and the bottom of the document, respectively.
The typical usage for Home/End keys when editing text is to move the cursor to the beginning/end of the current line, but move to top/bottom if the Control key was held.

Text programs on [[MacOS|Macintosh]] tend to use the browsing usages also in text editors and word-processing programs, moving the cursor to the first character or the last character in the text document.

Many vintage computer platforms such as [[Commodore 64]] and [[Atari ST]] had only a Home key, moving the cursor to the top/left of the screen.
Shift + Home was [[Clear key|Clear]], which also moved the cursor home.

===Page up and Page Down===
Page Up and Page Down moves one page's worth of text up and down respectively. Most programs for text editing or word processing move the cursor at well. Scrolling behaviour varies especially among text-mode programs.

In some programs the document can be moved without moving the cursor if the [[Alt key|Alt]] or [[Control key|Control]] key is held down.

===Help key===
The Help key typically activates an on-screen user manual for the current window/program.
{{main|Help key}}

===Undo key===
The Undo key performed the Undo function in the current program.

==Alternate clusters==
===Two columns===
Some keyboards have a 2×3 arrangement to be able to save a column.

Many keyboards from [[Logitech]] and [[Microsoft]] have the following arrangement, most with the [[Insert key]] displaced elsewhere:

{| class="key-layout"
|Home||End
|-
| rowspan="2" |Del||Page<br />Up
|-
|Page<br />Dn
|}

The [[Cherry G80-5000]] has the following layout. The key profile of top two rows is similar to [[Cherry G80-3000|G80-3000]] and of the bottom (home) row as [[Cherry G80-11800|G80-11x00]]:
{| class="key-layout"
|Insert||Page<br />Up
|-
|Delete||Page<br />Down
|-
|Home||End
|}

===Compact===
[[Compact keyboard]]s with separate nav clusters often omit keys from them.
{| class="key-layout"
! colspan="2" |MagicForce 68!! !!Leopold!! !!Matias
|-
|Insert||Page<br />Up
| rowspan="2" style="background:none;border:none" |
|Insert
| rowspan="2" style="background:none;border:none" |
|Page<br />Up
|-
|Delete||Page<br />Down||Delete||Page<br />Down
|}
The [[70%]] [[MagicForce 68]] omits the Home/End keys. They are available on [[Fn key|Fn]] + PgUp/PgDn.

The [[65%]] [[Leopold FC660C]] (and the M variant) contain Insert/Delete, with the other keys on combination of the [[Fn key|Fn]] and [[Cursor keys|cursor]] keys.

Matias Mini [[Matias Mini Quiet Pro|Quiet Pro]]/[[Matias Mini Tactile Pro|Tactile Pro]] have only Page Up/Page Down in the nav cluster but the [[Delete key]] is alone above it. Home/End and Insert are available on those three keys together with the [[Fn key]]: Matias caters mostly to the [[Macintosh]] platform whereon the omitted keys are less useful.

==Integrated==
In some keyboards, there is no spacing between the navigation keys and other keys.
===Single column===
The ''de-facto'' standard for [[65%]] and [[75%]] form-factor keyboards is to have the nav keys in a single column fused together with other keys including the [[cursor keys]]. This order is sometimes broken.
{| class="key-layout"
! colspan="2" |Standard!!
! colspan="2" |65% alternative!!
! colspan="2" |"TrueFox"
|-
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space||Home
| rowspan="5" style="border:none;background:none" |
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space|| style="border:none" |~<br /><br />`
| rowspan="5" style="border:none;background:none" |
| style="border:none" |~<br /><br />`||<div style="font-size:150%">⭐</div>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="border:none" | ||Page<br />Up
| rowspan="2" style="border:none" | ||Delete
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space||Delete
|-
|Page<br />Down
|Page<br />Up
| style="border:none" | ||Page<br />Up
|-
| style="border:none" |↑||End
| style="border:none" |↑||Page<br />Down
| style="border:none" |↑||Page<br />Down
|-
| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
|}

On [[75%]] keyboards with the standard layout, the [[Delete key|Delete key]] is often available on the function-key row or even on the bottom row.

Some [[65%]] keyboards instead provide the [[Delete key]] on a similar position as on the standard 3×2 cluster. The key above it is then often the `~ key, displaced there by the [[Escape key]] which occupies the keyboard's top/left corner.
The [[WhiteFox]]'s [[Unix layout|Unix-inspired]] "TrueFox" layout has the [[Backspace key|Backspace]] and [[Delete key|Delete]] keys on the same row, with the ''star''-key above it intended to be programmed by the user.

===Two columns===
The [[Microsoft Sculpt Ergonomic Keyboard]] is a popular [[ergonomic keyboard]] with an uncommon integrated cluster:
{| class="key-layout"
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space|| rowspan="2" |Delete||Home
|-
| rowspan="3" style="border:none" | ||End
|-
|Insert||Page<br />Up
|-
| style="border:none" |↑||Page<br />Down
|-
| style="border:none" |←|| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
|}

No standard convention exists for [[70%]] keyboards with a two-column integrated nav-cluster:

{| class="key-layout"
! colspan="3" |UNIQEY C70!!
! colspan="3" |Durgod×zFrontier ZF71
|-
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space||Insert||Home
| rowspan="5" class="spacer" style="border:none;background:none" |
| style="border:none" |Back<br>Space||Insert||Home
|-
| rowspan="2" style="border:none" | ||Delete||End
| rowspan="3" style="border:none" | ||Delete||End
|-
| style="border:none" |[[Code key|Code]]||Page<br />Up
|Page<br />Up||Page<br />Down
|-
| style="border:none" |Fn|| style="border:none" |↑||Page<br />Down
| style="border:none" |↑|| style="border:none" |Fn
|-
| style="border:none" |←|| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
| style="border:none" |←|| style="border:none" |↓|| style="border:none" |→
|}

The [[UNIQEY|GMK/Uniqey]] C70 has a modified 3×2 cluster: the PgUp/PgDn keys have been moved down.

The Durgod×zFrontier ZF71's cluster is instead like the [[Cherry G80-5000]] (above) but with Home/End and PgUp/PgDn pairs swapped.

==Historic==
===DEC LK-201===
IBM had copied the shape of the nav and cursor key clusters from the "Editing keys" on the [[DEC LK201]] terminal keyboard.

{| class="key-layout"
|Find||Insert<br />Here||[[Remove key|Re-<br />move]]
|-
|[[Select key|Select]]||Prev<br />Screen||Next<br />Screen
|}

===Amiga===
[[Amiga]] keyboards tended to have this two-key cluster above the cursor keys:
{| class="key-layout"
| class="key-1-5u" |[[Delete key|Del]]|| class="key-1-5u" |[[Help key|Help]]
|}

A form of Home, End, Page Up and Page Down usages were available on Shift+''[[Cursor keys|cursor]]''. In text-editing programs the convention was to move the cursor to the window edge first, and scroll only if on the edge.

===Atari ST===
The [[Atari ST]] (and TT) line had a cluster with cursor and nav keys in one.
A Delete key is instead in the main cluster, below Backspace and to the right of Return.

{| class="key-layout"
| colspan="2" |[[Help key|Help]]|| colspan="2" |[[Undo key|Undo]]
|-
|Insert|| colspan="2" |↑||Clr<br />Home
|-
|←|| colspan="2" |↓||→
|}

===In arrow cluster===
An arrangement sometimes seen before ''inverse-T'' [[cursor keys|cursor key]] arrangement became popular was to have arrows arranged in a cross with a key in the centre. This key was often the [[Home key]].

{| class="key-layout"
| style="border:none;background:none" | ||↑
|-
|←||Home||→
|-
| style="border:none;background:none" | ||↓
|}

Some keyboards (e.g. IBM "battleship" terminals) had this arrangement together with a 3×2 cluster above it.

==See also==

*[[Cursor keys]]
*[[Fun cluster]]

[[Category:Keyboard keys]]
[[Category:Keyboard terms]]