Editing Numeric keypad

A '''numeric keypad''' or '''number pad''', also '''numpad''', '''ten-key pad''' or simply '''tenkey''', is a section of a keyboard intended for entry of numbers and similar characters. "Numeric keypad" can also refer to a standalone numeric keypad used to complement a compact keyboard that lacks the number pad area.

The classic layout of 3×3 digits with the digits '7' '8' '9' on the top row and a larger '0' key at the bottom was introduced with the ''Sundstrand Adding Machine'', invented by David Sundstrand in 1911. The Sundstrand company's machine was distributed by the strong typewriter manufacturer ''Underwood'', became popular and set the standard which was later picked up for general calculators and computer keyboards.<ref name="sundstrand"/>

On keyboards meant for the [[IBM Personal Computer]] and compatibles, the numeric keypad has a second function that includes [[cursor keys]] and related navigational functions. This functionality was introduced with the [[IBM Model F]] keyboard, which lacked any dedicated navigational keys. The [[IBM Enhanced Keyboard]] moved this functionality to a dedicated clusters of editing and navigation keys, but retained the ability for the numeric keypad to be used for navigation, which has remained a standard behaviour of PC keyboards to this day.

A keyboard without a numeric keypad is known as a [[tenkeyless]] ("TKL") or occasionally [[SpaceSaver (disambiguation)|Space-Saver]] keyboard.

==Types==
;Cluster
:The standard numeric keypad is a cluster of keys on the right-hand side of the keyboard. The exact keys found in this cluster varies between computer types; in addition to the digits 0–9 and the decimal point (or decimal comma), "calculator" keys (+, /, - and *) are typical, along with an additional [[enter key]].
;Embedded
:An embedded, or integrated, numeric keypad is an implementation of a numeric keypad as a [[layer]] mapped to the right-hand side of the main keyboard cluster. Typically, this is arranged such that the primary and numeric keypad layers share the 7, 8 and 9 keys of the number row. Embedded numeric keypads are a standard feature of laptops with a dedicated numeric keypad cluster. Typically with integrated numeric keypads, they are toggled with [[num lock]] and only provide numeric entry. In some cases, they are instead toggled with a [[pad lock]] key, and num lock switches between numeric and navigation entry as it does on a full-sized keyboard.
;Standalone
:Numeric keypads can also be found as standalone units. These are designed to supplement laptops and [[tenkeyless]] keyboards, and have an advantage that they can be placed on either side of the keyboard. This allows the user to have the advantages of both a numeric keypad and a tenkeyless keyboard.

==Gallery==
<gallery widths=250 heights=187>
File:Numeric keypad.jpg             | Numeric keypad cluster on a [[Cherry G80-3000]] keyboard
File:Embedded numeric keypad.jpg    | Embedded keypad with navigation functionality on a [[Zenith Supersport SX]] notebook
File:G80-3700LQAUS.jpg              | Standalone [[Cherry G80-3700]] numeric keypad
File:Left-handed numeric keypad.jpg | [[Strong Man KB-8861|Strong Man KB-8861XP]] left-handed numeric keypad area
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Numeric keypads|List of standalone numeric keypads]]

==References==
<references>
<ref name="sundstrand">[http://retrocalculators.com/sundstrand.htm Sundstrand Adding Machine - Underwood 10 Key] - Retrieved on 2015-10-23</ref>
</references>
[[Category:Keyboard terms]]